Dharma - An Introduction

Dharma means Truth.The basis of the Buddha Dharma or the Buddha's teachings are the Four Noble Truths: 

1. The Truth of Suffering
2. The Truth of the Cause of Suffering
3. The Truth of the End of Suffering
4. The Truth of the Path leading to the End of Suffering

When we get sick, we go to a doctor. A good doctor first finds out what illness we have. Next he decides what has caused it. Then he decides what the cure is. Finally, he gives the medicine that will make us well again. 

In the same way, the Buddha showed that there is suffering in the world. He explained the cause of this suffering. He taught that this suffering could be ended. Finally, he showed the way leading to the end of suffering. 

Look at the table to see the connection between a doctor and the Buddha.

  A Doctor tells us
  Buddha tells us the truth about
  What is wrong with us
  The presence of suffering
  What is the cause of our illness
  The cause of suffering
  That there is a cure
  The end of suffering
   What we have to do to get well
  The way to the end of suffering

The Truth of Suffering:
 
The Buddha's discovery of the solution to the problem of suffering began with the recognition that there is suffering in life. If people examine their own experiences or look at the world around them, they will see that life is full of suffering or unhappiness. Suffering may be physical or mental.


The Truth of the Cause of Suffering:

The Buddha saw that the cause of suffering is selfish desire and greed. People want all kinds of things and want to keep them forever. However, greed is endless, like a bottomless pit that can never be filled. The more you want, the more unhappy life is. Thus, our limitless wants and desires are the cause of our suffering.

The Truth of the End of Suffering:

To end suffering, selfish desire must be removed. Just as a fire dies when no fuel is added, so unhappiness will end when the fuel of selfish desire is removed. When selfish desire is completely removed, there will be no more suffering. Our mind will be in a state of perfect peace. Buddhists call this state Nirvana.

The Truth of the Path leading to the End of Suffering:

The way to end suffering is to follow the 'Noble Eightfold Path', as per Buddhism:

  1. RIGHT UNDERSTANDING
    means to have a correct understanding of oneself and the world.
  2. RIGHT THOUGHT
    means to think in the right way.
  3. RIGHT SPEECH
    means to avoid lying, tale telling, gossiping, backbiting, idle talk and harsh words.
  4. RIGHT ACTION
    means not to harm or destroy any life, not to steal and not to use sex in a harmful way.
  5. RIGHT LIVELIHOOD
    means not to live on work that would in any way bring harm to living beings.
  6. RIGHT EFFORT
    means to do our best to become a better person.
  7. RIGHT MINDFULNESS
    means to be always aware and attentive.
  8. RIGHT MEDITATION
    means to keep the mind steady and calm in order to see the true nature of things.
 Source: Buddhanet